How Ethical is Torture

How Ethical is Torture Free Online Research Papers The Ethics of Torture The dictionary defines torture as being the act of inflicting excruciating pain, as punishment or revenge, as a means of getting a confession or information, or for sheer cruelty. Arguments on whether or not torture is justified have been going on for a very long time. Some people believe that torture, no matter what the outcome, is immoral and unjustified. Others believe that torture can be justified as long as the outcome is positive. This is a very heated debate with two controversial viewpoints. In my opinion, torture can be both justified and unjustified, depending on the situation. Torture is a very complicated topic and, in my opinion, it is not necessarily justified or unjustified but is more of a judgment call based on the situation at hand. There are many good points made on both sides of the argument. Although I can see how people would go either way on the subject, I would have to say, in most cases, that torture is wrong. There are an unwritten set of rules and values that every human being should follow. Torture is simply an abomination. It is one of the most horrible violations of moral civility. I think that the debate over torture brings up a great question, is it ever right to cause another pain to ease your own? Is it right to cause extreme amounts of pain to people to obtain knowledge? These are questions that I think every person who thinks torture is ethical should put some thought into. The main reason I find torture to be unethical is because most of the time there is no way of knowing whether or not the person being tortured is guilty. What if the person is tortured but never gives up the information that is needed? What if you tortured them but all along they never even knew the information you were searching for? Suppose torture, as a general rule, was ethical as long as the right people were tortured for the right reasons, hypothetically speaking. Would it be ethical to torture someone who knew nothing and was innocent? Even if torture did happen to be ethical, torturing innocent people based on unreliable facts is not. How can you even know whether or not they are guilty for sure? Based on that ambiguity, could torture ever be a just decision? If the person that decides to initiate the torture has absolutely no doubt that the prisoner is guilty, odds are they have already obtained the information they are seeking. How else would you know they have the informa tion you are seeking? Another reason I find torture to be wrong is because there is no way of knowing whether or not the information gained is reliable. How reliable could information or a confession be if it was given while the prisoner was being tortured? The prisoner would most likely just give away false information in order to put an end to the torture. I think that Doctor King would side with this point of view. He was a man that did not believe violence was ever the answer. In Lee A. Jacobus’s A World of Ideas, it said, â€Å"His views concerning nonviolence spread throughout the world, and by the early 1960s he had become famous as a man who stood for human rights and human dignity virtually everywhere. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.† I could never even imagine a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize saying that torture is ethical. No matter what the situation, Doctor King never resorted to violence, although he had to deal with the danger of violence everyday. The book also said, â€Å"Although King himself was nonviolent, his program left both him and his followers open to the threat of violence. The sit-ins and voter registration programs spurred countless bombings, threats, and murders by members of the white community. King’s life was often threatened, his home bombed, and his followers harassed. He wa s assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968.† This really showed what kind of a man Doctor King was. Although he had to face violence every day, he never resorted to violence himself. He did what he thought was right in God’s eyes. Dr. King once said, â€Å"I just want to do Gods will. And hes allowed me to go to the mountain. And Ive looked over, and Ive seen the promised land! I may not get there with you, but I want you to know tonight that we as a people will get to the promised land.† Despite all of this, in some situations, torture can be justified. If millions of lives were at stake and the torture of one person could save the rest, I would have to say it is justified. For example, if a known terrorist leader was captured and had made threats to bomb the United States, I would have to say that torture would be justified in order to save millions of lives. I believe that torture is necessary if it means avoiding tragedy although it should be used as a last resort. I also believe that nowadays there are forms of torture that do not include physical pain. There have been many advancements in psychoactive medications that are used to obtain information from people who will not provide it otherwise. I believe that since this form of torture does not involve inflicting any physical pain on the subjects, there is nothing wrong with using it in necessary situations. Another view some people have is that if we torture terrorists, it will further justify their attacks against our country. I disagree with this point of view. In my opinion, our government is very good at keeping things a secret. I am sure that they are doing things that will have an impact on most of society every day that nobody knows about. I think that if the government tortured terrorists and they really didn’t want anyone knowing about it, no one would know about it. One example that I feel helps to prove my point is Area 51in southern Nevada. The government has been doing things out there for years that almost no one knows about. Some people have even done interviews that have worked there. The government has put so fear in them that they never show their faces. This shows the high level of secrecy that our government has. I do not think that torturing terrorists would impact our standing in the world. Judging by what our government is capable of, I do not think that an yone would find out about a couple of terrorists being tortured. I also believe that from an evolutionary standpoint, creatures that are not prepared to fight to the death to prolong their own lives will eventually be killed by another creature that is. As Niccolo Machiavelli said, â€Å"Men ought either to be indulged or utterly destroyed, for if you merely offend them they take vengeance, but if you injure them greatly they are unable to retaliate, so that the injury done to a man ought to be such that vengeance cannot be feared.† He was saying that if you are not willing to hurt someone enough to where they can not retaliate, they will take vengeance on you. He also said, â€Å"Men should be either treated generously or destroyed, because they take revenge for slight injuries for heavy ones they cannot.† He was also saying here that if you injure someone but do not destroy them, they will get revenge. This proves to be a problem that affects everyone. In most cases, people who are willing to cheat have an advantage over those who aren’t. This is also the case when it comes to differences in ethics between different countries. For example, say there are two countries at war. One country is very ethical and is not willing to use nuclear warfare to defeat the other country. Meanwhile, the other country is willing to do whatever is necessary to win the war. In this situation, the country that is willing to do whatever it takes to win the war could resort to using nukes and wipe the other country out. This works the same way with torture. In some cases it is necessary to do whatever it takes in order to save countless people’s lives. This is the final situation in which I find torture to be allowable. I don’t think that Machiavelli would have cared whether or not torture was ethical, he just would’ve done whatever he had to do to stay in power. In the book it says, â€Å"Through the years, Machiavelli’s view of human nature has come under criticism for its cynicism. For instance, he suggests that a morally good person would not remain long in any high office because that person would have to compete with the mass of people, who, he says, are basically bad.† This point of view shows that if Machiavelli was a prince or ruler, he would stop at nothing to stay in power. Ethics and morals were not important to him and I am sure he would have used torture if it meant he would not lose any power. The book also says, â€Å"Perhaps Machiavelli is correct, but people have long condemned the way he approves of cunning, deceit, and outright lying as means of staying in power.† This shows how merciless Machiavelli really was. He put personal success ahead of the thoughts and feelings of others. Finally, I find ethics to be a very complicated thing. I do not necessarily think that you can say that torture is right or wrong as a whole. I think you have to identify and analyze the situation. You have to decide whether or not the price you pay is worth the reward you get in return. Torture will always be a bad thing but under some circumstances it is necessary in order to avoid tragedy. In other words, sometimes you have to use bad means to achieve a good end. Martin Luther King once said, â€Å"Means we use must be as pure as the ends we seek.† I do not completely agree with this quote. I think that in some situations it is necessary to use means that are not pure in order to achieve a positive outcome. I also think that unless the person who decides to do the torture is absolutely sure the person being tortured knows the information, it is unjust. I do believe, however that if someone is being tortured in order to save millions of lives, it can be justified. 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Abortion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Abortion - Assignment Example However, the main contention arises in an unusual circumstance, for example, when the mother’s life is at risk because of pregnancy condition or a pregnancy resulting from rape. These two scenarios develop a challenge on the first premise because it becomes difficult to measure and uphold the mother‘s right to life or that of the foetus. It follows that the child is considered as being innocent and the innocent life should not be terminated. Contrariwise, the mother’s life is at jeopardy and not committing abortion would not result in direct murder. This the author argues as a fallacious point due the risk the unborn child poses to the mother and in such a circumstance, abortion should be permitted. The second scenario arises when a woman is raped and in that instance, the pregnancy is not a result of self-will (Thomson 122). The pregnancy exists without the consent of the mother and abortion should be allowed according to the wishes of the mother. Nonetheless, in circumstances where the mother’s life is not at risk and the pregnancy occurred with the consent of the mother, abortion should not be allowed. The first argument fronted by Warren touches on the number of deaths recorded in instances where women procure illegal abortions. Illegal and informal abortions pose a great threat to the life of the mother and a threat to the society that loses its members. It is direct that pregnancies resulting from rape and incidents of unwanted pregnancies, abortion is a solution because the woman was not in control of the predicament she faces. However, in other circumstances the woman has the ability of avoiding pregnancy, but fails due to the lack of using contraceptives or the utter failure of contraceptives taken religiously. This circumstances result in unwanted pregnancies and the woman should not be forced to carry and take responsibility of a supposed person they lack any level of obligation (Thomson 128). The author argues based on rights

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Journal - Assignment Example e while women is receptive.In every culture, gender role is influenced by various sources including parental expectation, modeling by peers, and media images of male and female. For instance, Scandinavian culture appears to have a more egalitarian gender role such as norms of behavior and personal traits at home and work are not defined solely on gender.In contrat, Arabs have strict implication of gender role which expect women to cover head and walk behind husband.Across many cultures males are expected to be strong,independent, self – reliant, emotionally detached and women are taught to be nurturing, dependent, gentle and emotional.Gender role is the public expression ofone’s gender identity.In many cultures men learn to be aggressive and women learn to be passive.A family from the birth of a child imposes gender role on them and bring them up as male or female.Basically the attitude and behavior of male and female is molded according to the cultural environment he or sheis grown up

Significance of HRM in the travel and tourism sector

Significance of HRM in the travel and tourism sector The purpose of this report is to evaluate the significance of IHRM for the companies within the travel and tourism sector. The report will address this issue with reference to the case of the British Airways Lpc (BA) one of the largest international airlines. The report will begin by outlining the brief overview of BA, its market and current global position. Besides, the significance of culture change within the company will be identified. Furthermore, the hard and soft models of HRM will be critically analysed in the process. The report also will discuss the staffing issues such as recruitment, selection, and training and development for the planned global expansion. The ways in which these issues may need to change will be illustrated through the strategic evaluation. In addition, all figures will be justified and referenced to the appendix. Moreover, the report will outline the appropriate conclusions and recommendations. Company overview, its markets and current global position British Airways Plc (BA) was created in the 1974s after merger between BEA (British European Airways) and BOAC (British Overseas Corporation) (Air flights, 2010). BA is the United Kingdoms major international airline with two main hubs located in Gatwick and Heathrow airports, and the fifth worlds top airline. BA is a recognized brand within airline industry and the success could attribute to its constant global flight expansion and mergers with other global airlines. The merger between Iberia and BA (International Airlines Group) in 2010 is expected to create the third largest European carrier (see Appendix 1). In addition, the merger with AA (American Airlines) in 2008 will expand the company globally on transatlantic flights. These mergers will make stronger the global position of the new company with strong market capitalisation and will be able to complete with rivals such as Lufthansa and KLM-Air France (See Appendix 2) (Datamonitor, 2009; Euromonitor, 2010). BA is a global leader with a network of 550 destinations internationally via code-sharing relationships serves nearly 95 million passengers a year, using 441 airports in 86 countries and approximately 1,000 planes and a world air share of 2.9% (See Appendix 3) (Brave New Talent, 2008-2010; Wikipedia, 2010). BA operates mostly in the EU and US and employs 40,627 people (Datamonitor, 2009). In addition, BA is a part of Oneworld alliance, which serves some 819 destinations worldwide and enables to compete more successfully around the world with other global alliances (Wikipedia, 2010). Since privatisation in 1987, BA has had a sharp success in income and achieved financial independence, while other European airlines were dependent on state support and their US counterparts resorted to bankruptcy protection (Ledwidge, 2007 and BBC, no date). Despite the BAs HR hard times (appendix) and recent global economic recession in 2008/2009 with the global GDP decline from 5.1% in 2007 to 3.1% in 2008 , BA had a net profit of  £8 billion in 2009/2010 that is an increase of 2.7% over FY2008/2009, which improves its stable geographic increase (Datamonitor, 2010). Besides, BA is the worlds first airline to establish a carbon-offset scheme in 2005 to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and to introduce online boarding passes in 2004 (British Airways, no date and AccessMyLibrary, 2007). Despite BA calls itself as The Worlds Favourite Airline it strives to become the worlds most responsible airline (GreenAir, 2007-2010 and Street, 1994). Cultural change and HRM models Culture is very powerful; it influences people and it is vital for managers to understand the employees: what they believe, its customs and traditions, life style and values, beliefs and morals, to understand how people react, and their expectations in the company after the employment. Legge (2005) identifies culture as a set of shared meanings, or taken-for-granted assumptions. According to Alzira and Easerby-Smith (1993), BA was arrogant before its privatization in 1987. BA believed the customers did not know what they wanted. The managers did not involve the staff in decisions, as they wanted to have distance from staff. The priority was safety of aircrafts and technical skills. Even the competition and profitability were not the main idea. The BA organisational culture was bureaucratic, strict, and formal. Thus, the careers developed slowly. Besides, the cost-leadership strategy is applied that leads BA to cut costs through a hard HRM approach and use staff as any other business resource. The staff is being used as cheaply as possible. In contrast, Ledwin (2007) argues that since 1976 till nowadays it was a big cultural change for BA, where the product-centric approach has started to shape into customer-centric approach and the hard model started to adopt the elements of soft developmental humanism or Harvard model, where the core idea are human assets. The differentation strategy would reach the competitve advantage and try to avoid less prone to disruptions and PR blunders. Moreover, it would present a very effective framework for completely integrating HR with the business strategy (Ledwin, 2007). To improve the organisational performance and to achieve the employee commitment BA promoted the motivational culture change programmes in the 1980s.However, its argued if these programmes were successful or not as according to Hopfl (1992, cited in Legge, 2005), these programmes engaged the mind but left hearts untouched. Despite the HR difficulties during the last five years (See Appendix 4), the company has achieved a respect from its employees in a way that helps the company fence the strike actions. In June 2009, BA told its 42,377 staff to work without pay for a month or take unpaid leave to reduce costs. Almost 6,000 non-cabin crew staff helped during the days of industrial action helped the company to run anoperation (Euromonitor, 2010 and Anglotopia, 2010). Staffing approaches BA can apply one of the three staffing approaches (Dowling et al., 2008): Ethnocentric:- The main idea is to manage staff from the home country (PCNs). The company can apply this approach to all its foreign operations, where the staff holds central jobs, and subsidiaries and headquarters follow the home country resource management practice. Polycentric/Regiocentric:- The idea is to develop HR management practices locally. Geocentric/Global:- The purpose is to manage the employees on a worldwide basis, where the company employs staff from diverse countries. 4.1. Ethnocentric and polycentric approaches BA uses mainly the ethnocentric approach: it controls all its operations from London (the locations of the head office) as it understands local culture, the economy language and avoids relocation costs. Regarding to BA job applications, the key management positions are filled by parent company personnel, where the priorities are given to UK nationals. Besides, it hires host country nationals in foreign countries instead of transferring its domestic staff to work. Depend on the staff role, a polycentric or geocentric approach can be recommended. The polycentric approach would be ideal for BA to employ front line staff and cabin crew. The company should consider the cultural as the core competence and hire more people who speak other languages than English and think differently. Along with the cultural change BA needs to ensure the employees understand their role within the marketing progress and overall marketing orientation within the organization. The best staffing approach to hire key management people and pilots is geocentric approach, where the company strives to reach the global expansion by combining the best from headquarters and the subsidiaries. Also, the nationality is ignored in favor of ability. BA could promote promote diversity, inclusion, and equality of opportunity in employment regardless of sex, marital or civil partnership status, gender reassignment, race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origins, sexual orientation, disability, religion or belief, political affiliation and age (British Airways, no date). Staffing issues The organisations stage of growth characterises with the integration of business strategy with HRM policies such as training development, appraisal and recruitment and selection. Recruitment is mailny linked to proactive attitude of employees, where training and development has to do with formal or informal education, enabling the staff to know inside out of the organisational mission and its products, thus leading to the quality service. 5.1Recruitment and selection Effectiveness in recruitment and selection is vital as it avoids poor work performance, unacceptable conduct, internal disagreement, low morale and job satisfaction and dysfunctional labour turnover. In addition, luck of management quality and teamwork, and employee motivation and communication can lead to loss of customers, loss of organisation, and loss of life. Recruitment seeks to attract best technical professional talent and then manage rapid internal labour market movements (Legge, 2005:142). BA also tends to attract the most talented people, then assess and appoint a suitable candidate (Appelbaum and Brenda, 2002; Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2006). For example, the pilots employment issues had been based just on flying and technical skills before 1987. Nowadays, BA considers the pilots can work well in a crew situation. Interpersonal skills are appearing as crucial achievement factors for pilot performance and safety. In addition, it cares about quality frontline people as well. G ood (1999, cited by Appelbaum and Brenda, 2002), stresses the point that the single most reliable predictor of overall excellence is the ability to attract and hold on to talented employees. The success is dependent upon the ongoing hard work, attitudes, and dedication of its staff. Thus, to expand globally and to achieve the companys long-term success BA should look not only at education related skills but also at staff attitude within the company, as skills can be trained but attitudes cannot be changed (Milmo, 2010 and Horn and Barkin, 1998). 5.2Appraisal, training, development The globalisation of markets leads to emergence of multinational companies, operating on a worldwide basis. Good training enables the employees to perform their current and future roles effectively as, both organisations and their employees benefit (Beardwell and Claydon, 2006). To achieve a high value added services the staff should be well educated, trained, and committed. To increase competence and go high-class with high quality the company should consider the staff as the most valued resource and do investment in the core workforce. The accent is to include employee loyalty and reliance, internal labour market structures with promotion ladders and skill training. The individualistic approach should be applied to reach the quality and competitive advantage (Legge, 2005). If the quality of service depends on the quality of the employee, the company should look on the society and organisations commitment to developing skills appropriate to a national economic policy and organisational corporate objectives (Legge, 2005). BA committed to customer care programmes and has had many motivational staff programmes for both existing and newly recruited staff since 1987, that at very least heightened employee awareness of quality issues. The programmes such as Putting the Customer First,Putting People First, Customer First teams, Managing People First, A Day in the Life, To be the Best and Winning for Customers . In addition, to promote the values of customer services BA launched the re-educative online-learning programs for cabin crew how to teach in-flight sales system. Besides, BA tried to develop a self-direct learning that motivates and develops its staff not only professionally but personally (Ledwidge, 2007). Conclusion The report began with a brief nature of British Airways, overview of its markets and current global position. It analysed the cultural change within the company and evaluated the HRM models. BA has had a big cultural change since 1987, where the company changed the product-centric approach to a customer-centric approach. The hard model need to adopt elements from the soft developmental humanism model, where the company would realize the importance of integrating HR policies with business objectives involving treating employees as valued assets, as the success depends on securing commitment from people, not controlling them. It should keep adopting the soft model to avoid losses of customers and the bankruptcy and to keep its brand. Over the past decade or so, British Airways has evolved from a loss making, state-owned national carrier into a customer focused, publicly listed and consistently profitable airline. However, cultural change and nowadays change require modification in top management values to make the change successful. To improve the organisational performance and keep the company expand globally BA need to keep these recent changes. Furthermore, the report addresses the issue of staffing approaches such as ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric approaches. Despite BA uses the ethnocentric approach, the recommendation are to develop polycentric approach for front line and cabin crew and apply a geocentric approach for pilots and key management staff. The final parts of the report examined the staffing issues such as recruitment and selection, appraisal, training and development. BA should look not only at education related skills but also at staff attitude within the company, as skills can be trained but attitudes cannot be changed. In addition, BA should motivate and develop its staff not only professionally but personally by creating the training centres where staff could learn the sense of humour, ability to work with others and friendliness. Moreover, the new industrial relations backgrounds should be developed as no-strike clauses, acceptance of flexible working, its support for direct employee involvement, staff status and employee development Recommendations According to the mentioned above issues, there is more research should be done regarding to staffing approaches and staffing issues to help expand company globally. The need of change should be analyzed and evaluated deeper. HRM Michigan and Harvard models issues should be more critically discussed. Word count: 2193 word

Essay on The Picture of Dorian Gray as a Moral Book -- Picture Dorian

The Picture of Dorian Gray as a Moral Book The Picture of Dorian Gray was a remarkably well-written book due to the reaction of its themes by society. In the preface of the novel, Wilde introduces the opinion that "...there is no moral or immoral book. Books are well written or badly written. That is all." Numerous views can be taken upon this fastidious comment. Many would agree that Wilde is justifiably correct because the preface was written with the intention that his readers understand the deeper meaning of the themes than worrying about whether it is considered morally acceptable; or perhaps, the view that it could be considered moral or immoral by the impact it has on the readers' lives. Even though there are several positions held on what The Picture of Dorian Gray's most important meaning is about, the most prominent is the novel as a moral book. Lord Henry Wotton immediately begins to corrupt Dorian's mind after they first meet by forcing his immoral thoughts of "yielding to temptation" which allows Lord Henr y to hold his attention. After listening for quite a while to Lord Henry's views, Dorian begins to change his own to match them, and therefore begins to live a life of immorality. The yellow book is a device that Lord Henry uses to further corrupt and drive Dorian deeper into the pits of sin. Through Lord Henry's influence, the changes in Dorian Gray, and the impact of the yellow book, Oscar Wilde efficiently reveals The Picture of Dorian Gray as a moral book. Lord Wotton sees Dorian as "wonderfully handsome...all of youth's passionate purity," and cannot resist the t... ...self from the influence of this book. Or perhaps...that he never sought to free himself from it." Dorian procures nine copies from Paris to have them bound in different colors to fit his mood, which implies that he was in all probability never without it. From the yellow book the moral learned is "all access as well as all renunciation" leads to punishment. In conclusion, it has been reiterated that Lord Henry's influence, the changes in Dorian, and the immorality of the yellow book further enforced The Picture of Dorian Gray as a moral book. Oscar Wilde allows for those who could understand the real meaning of the novel by comprehending the importance of these three things to discern that he fully intended on writing this novel as a moral book.

Nationalism And Sectionalism Essay

The Era of Good Feeling: The Effects and Consequences of Nationalism and Sectionalism In 1815, shortly before the start of James Monroe’s presidency and after the War of 1812, a historical period known as the â€Å"Era of Good Feeling† commenced in America. However, though the name of this age alone insinuated a time of unity and prosperity within the nation, sectionalism became an unequivocal dilemma that seeped through the government’s attempts in promoting nationalism, and ultimately divided the country. The Era of Good Feeling was a time where only one political party reigned, sense of unity prevailed, and national pride was evident within the citizens. This post ­war nationalism fueled the country to work towards a common goal, and even encouraged creation of traditions that would be passed down generations. The McCulloch v. Maryland case in 1819 exhibits government’s attempt in putting up a unified front to further promote nationalism. In this case, the Congress’ power is questioned when the ruling prevented states from outlawing or taxing the national bank, as Maryland tried to do. The document states, â€Å"The power of the general government, it has been said, are delegated by the states, who alone are truly sovereign† (Document 4). However, the outcome of the case only came to show that the federal government had more power compared to the state government, and thus portrayed a stronger, unified system. In Document 3, people are portrayed to be celebrating Independence Day on the fourth of July within the same year of the case. This depicts the effect that national pride had, bringing together multiple races, genders, social classes, and age groups to celebrate the country’s independence. Furthermore, this era also brought forth a fundamental period in Am erica known as the Industrial Revolution. This introduced market economy to the population and transitioned America to manufacturing processes that brought economic benefits to the north. Market economy not only changed the way people worked, but also the way they lived, as it divided labor, based work in factories, and opened new markets like the American Fur Company. Due to the prior Embargo Act, merchants also invested in national local manufacturing, and thus allowed for the rapid development of urban districts and increase in population. It brought wealth to the North’s market ­based economy but contradicted with the South’s focus on an agricultural economy that depended on slaves. One of the most significant developments within the country was introduced shortly after the War of 1812, by politician Henry Clay, as the American System. The plan promoted a system in which the South was seen to be the producer of raw goods, North for the manufacturing, while the West as the breadbasket of the country. It consisted of three parts: the development of canals, road systems and railroads, creation of a protective tariff, and the reinstating of the Bank of U.S.. The North prospered from the creation of the tariff as it helped develop the manufacturing economy. The West, on the other hand, benefitted from the creation of road and canal system, a plan supported by John C. Calhoun, in order to prevent disunion within the rapidly growing country, (Document 2). These developments in transportation allowed for easier distribution of goods, thus benefitting them as well. However, the protective tariff prevented the South’s economy from growing, thus leading to an evident economic gap between the North and the South, as the former’s economy started to boom due to the increase in manufacturing.

How Milling Is Metal Removal Process - 1249 Words

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In conventional method, solutions were accepted by comparing few designated answers in many industrial process design activity. This is very simple approach and no guarantee for an optimum solution. To get the proper values of optimization, user must have to apply one or more design solutions to check relative search space between algorithm techniques. The role of controllable cutting parameters (Speed, feed, depth of cut, width of cut etc.) for economical machining process, optimization have been recognized. F. W. Taylor (1907) showed that an optimumShow MoreRelatedEngineering Design And Manufacture By Looking At Traditional Manufacturing Processes And Non Contact Processes1558 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 – Summary In this assignment I have demonstrated an understanding of engineering design and manufacture by looking at traditional manufacturing processes and non-contact processes. 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This essay aims to give an overview of computer designed prosthesis coupled with additive manufacturing and laser sintered manufacturing and how they each specifically relate to the appliance that dental technologist create. It will also outline the advantages and disadvantages of using such technologies in dental practice. The term ‘CAD/CAM’ stands for Computer-Aided Design/Computer-AidedRead MoreEnvironmental Issues Of Global Reuse And Recycling Of Personal Electronic Devices1708 Words   |  7 Pagesreduction and diversion, and recycling. The belief of this organization is that society must begin eliminating waste because of its huge impact on the environment. The mission of RCO is to inform and educate society about the impact of waste, how to avoid waste and how it can still be efficient for other sources. This organization is working with the government of Ontario and Bill 151. On November 26th 2015 the government created this new waste reduction and resource recovery legislation act. ComputerRead MoreThe Use of CAD/CAM in Dentistry Essay2644 Words   |  11 Pagesis an abbreviation for computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing and involves the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis or optimism of a design. Its primary purpose is to create a faster production process as well as improve the quality of design. CAD/CAM is currently employed in many fields such as shipbuilding, aerospace, architecture, automotive and prosthetics (including maxillofacial prosthetics and dentistry). The concept of CAD/CAM in the field